Achieving sustainable development goals in Asia countries: The role of financial inclusion, technological innovation and renewable energy

Abstract

This study examined the role of financial inclusion, technological innovation, and renewable energy in achieving sustainable development goals measured by greenhouse gas emissions from 48 countries in Asia during the period from 2010 to 2019. Instead of using the amount of CO2 equivalent as a measurement for greenhouse gas emissions, this research collected total amount of greenhouse gas emissions for fully comprehensive evidence. Spatial Durbin Model – Fixed Effects Model showed that financial inclusion, technological innovation, and renewable energy have a negative effect on greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, renewable energy of a particular country has a significant influence on greenhouse gas emissions of neighboring countries. These findings are expected to contribute to the development of financial inclusion, technological innovation, and renewable energy in Asia nations, and recommend several implications for both policymakers and enterprises. Not only do policymakers should raise financial literacy and funds to assist research and development efforts, but businesses also employ advanced technology for energy conversion in order to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and achieve sustainable development goals.